GLOBAL GREEN ENERGY (R)EVOLUTION VS. GLOBAL GOVERNMENT


Tom tries convince us that Fracking is safe, just so he and his company can make lots of money.

Tom Ridge tries to defend fracking. Two key phrases "some" methane leaks " & "rock fracked in a million wells"

This politician is now CEO of a natural gas fracking company. This is the same industry exempted by Dick Cheney (another politician and friend of Tom Ridge) exempted from reporting the toxic chemicals they use to the Environmental Protection Agency. 

He (They) are using "national security" & independence from "foreign oil" as an excuse to pollute america's water. He/They don't care about us, they only care about themselves and their big fat politician wallets.

It is time we all Raise The Bullshit Flag and get rid of the creeps.

(vid) Gasland ~ The Movie


Gasland: The Movie:
Natural Gas PRODUCTION - - - worse than OIL SPILLS.
If this doesn't scare you, then you are already dead...
 
gaslandthemovie.com
Join the population and help prevent gas drilling from harming your community and communities across the country. We're keeping a running count of everybody who makes their voice heard!

GASLAND : Oscar's Attention Irks Gas Industry

FEBRUARY 26, 2011

Oscar's Attention Irks Gas Industry

"Gasland," a low-budget documentary about alleged perils of natural-gas drilling, is up for an Oscar on Sunday, much to the chagrin of energy executives.
In fact, the natural-gas industry is so infuriated by the film that officials mounted an unsuccessful effort earlier this month to have it barred from the Academy Awards.

Watch a clip from the documentary, 'Gasland,' about the effect of natural gas drilling on rural landowners. The Oscar nominated HBO film can currently be seen on HBO.
Their objections drew more attention to the film—and to what some in the natural-gas business think is a worsening image problem for the industry.
Much of the controversy has centered on a process called hydraulic fracturing, also known as "fracking," in which water and chemicals are injected into the ground to break open gas-bearing rocks. Environmental groups say the process can contaminate drinking-water supplies, a charge the industry denies.
The industry says it has drilled tens of thousands of wells with only a handful of minor incidents of contamination, none of which were conclusively tied to the fracturing process.
Getty Images
Josh Fox speaks during a recent news conference on Capitol Hill.
Natural-gas drilling "must absolutely be done safely," said Lee Fuller, executive director of the industry coalition Energy in Depth, in a statement, adding that "state governments have ably and effectively regulated hydraulic fracturing."
The industry also says the film is unfair and inaccurate. It points out that state regulators have found that some examples of contamination cited by the film weren't caused by drilling.
The Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, the state's regulatory agency, said in a recent statement that tests provided "evidence that oil and gas activity did not contaminate" two of the water wells discussed in the film, but the regulator found drilling-related contamination in a third well featured in "Gasland."

Gasland : Did the Gas Industry Censor the Wall Street Journal?


Alison Rose Levy

Alison Rose Levy

Posted: February 26, 2011 03:11 AM

When the article was published on Friday night, it was the first time an industry spokesperson deployed a shift in strategy from the industry's standard denials and repeated assertions that fracking is safe, despite the numerous reports of problems, such as flammable water, contamination of drinking water, trucks leaking toxic and radioactive waste-water on public highways, the pollution of streams, as well as fires, and explosions in which people have been injured.
"We have to stop blaming documentaries and take a look in the mirror," Matt Pitzarella, a spokesman for gas producer Range Resources Corp., was quoted as saying in WSJ.
However, if you go to the article, you won't find Pitzarella's statement because within the hour the quote disappeared, say citizen journalists, who screen captured it and posted it on Twitter. Gasland director Fox, in Los Angeles, awaiting Sunday night's Oscar ceremony, has the screen shot of the original version. He also has questions:
"Why did this key quote disappear from the article? Why did the WSJ censor its own piece ? Does the Gas industry get to edit the Wall Street Journal?" Fox wondered. "Who pulled the quote?"

It's more innocuous replacement from Tom Price, a Chesapeake Vice-President reads, "We need to be able to respond objectively and accurately."
Yet among the gas industry and its friends, Pitzarella is not alone in suggesting that by stonewalling, the industry is shooting itself in the foot.
It may be that efforts to prevent and address health and environmental dangers would be a better solution for both the public good, and for the industry's tarnished image.
For example, although the film depicts selected cases, there are numerous reported incidents in which directly after fracking, water contamination occurs in areas which up until then had clean water, sometimes for many prior generations. As Gasland shows, one frequently seen problem is that gas leaks into the water supply such that homeowners can ignite the newly flammable tap water.
The industry opposes both public regulations, and up front environmental studies to assess likely impacts of fracking, prior to drilling. Neither does it enter into prior agreements with communities to remediate should any of the widely seen problems occur.
When following fracking, a family loses its drinking water, property, and in some cases, livelihood, instead of redressing, the industry demands that on a case-by-case basis, each individual family spend $20,000 or more to engage geologists and lawyers to "prove" that fracking is the source of what in some instances is overnight contamination. This imposes on private citizens the burden to prove the safety or danger of a practice, that a responsible government in the past would have typically required an accountable industry to prove.
Up until the last decade, citizens had certain protections, and they remember and expect those protections, especially from a process with an array of known health and environmental risks, as well as high economic costs. Attempts to either deny, normalize, or transfer the industry's costs of doing business to the public, only fuel public outrage, which may be why the industry's PR campaign has backfired.
Instead of covering its own costs, up until now, the industry has diverted its funds into massive PR campaigns, which repeat the message that fracking is safe, or that burden struggling citizens to prove otherwise. The choice to cover-up and deny, rather than deal, contributes to the public perception of the industry as a ruthless Goliath, ready to tread upon whole communities. Fearing to lose their million dollar accounts, the gas industry's PR spin masters would likely be the last to advise that this "lipstick on a pig" strategy is unlikely to work, even if one changes the color of the lipstick.

Although it's unknown who ordered the yanking of the quote published in the Wall Street Journal, the appearance of censorship, whatever its source, does little to restore public confidence in either the industry reported on, or the media outlet doing the reporting.
Meanwhile citizens are rooting for Gasland to win the Oscar Sunday night at nationwide Gasland parties, and by writing letters to President Obama, asking for a nation-wide moratorium on fracking and safety studies. To learn more and participate, go here.

Health and environmental news, action, and radio signup at www.healthjournalistblog.com

Follow Alison Rose Levy on Twitter: www.twitter.com/AlisonRoseLevy

Who says electric motors are newfangled contraptions that will never work on large machinery? The fossil fuel industry, thats who!

In fact the fossil fuel industry uses electric motors built by the Siemens Norwood motor Plant that range from 500H.P to 18,000H.P. to pump thier deadly,dirty, polluting, and obscenly overpriced products to the global marketplace.

SO WE MUST ASK YOURSELVES: What has the fossil fuel industry done for us lately, and what will they do to us in the future?

Coal, Oil, Natural Gas, and petroleum fueled auto makers all cry and whine that they are the only employers that american families can depend on, and that they have the only products that can keep america's economy going.

The reality is that they are all lying. Dick Cheney and Condaleezza Rice and any number of other washington D.C. politicians have been conspiring for years with the likes of Duke Energey, Massey Energy, B.P. Chevron, Texaco .... and the list goes on ... to keep all of us dependent on burning climate changing, health destroying and ecology damaging fossil fuels for their own personal gain. (They don't care about you, never did.)

CASE IN POINT: The Norwood Electric Motor Manufacturing Plant is an American Business that has been operating for 113 years. Grandfathers, fathers, sons, wives and mothers have worked there for generations. They build electric motors between 500-18,000 HP yes ... you heard right, 18 thousand horsepower.)

The Siemens Electric Motor Plant in Norwood, Ohio has been working, producing, growing, and providing real jobs for 113 years and continues to do so, even during this prolonged recession even when other fossil fuel dependent industries no longer exist.

The writing is on the wall. It is time for america (and the rest of the world) to embrace a new industrial revolution. We really can manufacture high performance electric cars, trucks, and especially farm equipment. The only ones who say that we can't have fossil fuel investements heavily loaded into thier wallets.

When you factor in america (and the worlds) extreme dependence on fossil fuels for our agriculture and food supply, it is easy to see that the development of an "independent homeland" electricly powered harvesting and distribution system is the key to our National Security, the economic stability of our country, and the lives of our children.

For more information about an independent american energy system research: Lithium Index, Lithium Batteries, Electric Vehicle, Solar, Wind & Tidal Power, Smart Grid, Peak Oil, Clean Coal, Hydraulic Fracking, Tar Sands, Nuclear Accident Evacuation Zones, Middle East Foreign Policy, Chevron, Condaleezza Rice, Iraq, Iran,Dick Cheney/Natural Gas/Public Land ... and i can go on and on, or you can just surf the rest of this site, (http://badgadgoodwind.blogspot.com) and pass the address along to all of your friends, and especially to all of your enemies.



The Norwood Motor Manufacturing Plant, originally built in 1898, was the first manufacturing facility in Norwood, Ohio and is one of Siemens' oldest manufacturing facilities in the world. Siemens spent more than $17 million to purchase new machinery and equipment including $8.5 million worth of machinery and equipment to be used for research and development. The $30 million expansion was completed in 2007.In 2009, the Norwood Plant was awarded Top plant of the Year 2009 by Plant Engineering Magazine.

http://www.google.com/search?q=electric+cars&rls=com.microsoft:en-us:IE-SearchBox&oe=&um=1&ie=UTF-8&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wi&biw=1596&bih=616

http://www.google.com/search?q=wind+turbines&rls=com.microsoft:en-us:IE-SearchBox&oe=&um=1&ie=UTF-8&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wi&biw=1596&bih=616

http://www.indexuniverse.com/sections/news/7832-global-x-debuts-first-lithium-etf.html

http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/transport/article6867030.ece

http://www.treehugger.com/files/2008/03/tesla-electric-car-batteries-non-toxic-recycled.php

http://www.vanityfair.com/business/features/2010/06/fracking-in-pennsylvania-201006

New Zealand gives green light to controversial wind farm - 01 Dec 2010 - News from BusinessGreen


Contact Energy secures go ahead for wind farm.

Dept. Of Energy Wind Power Web Site


Wind Powering America    DOE pdf.file


(vid) Maglev Wind Turbine

Maglev Wind Turbine 2 Giga Watts. It's Huge, but it's equivelent to 1,000 of todays wind turbines, and it sits on just 100 acres.

 

(vid) As Wind Power Expands, So Do Threats to Bat Population

Do Bat deaths make the wind energy choice more complicated? NO. Because continued reliance on fossil fuels, instead of a surge of wind power means: that climate change will ensure that there are no bats, bugs, birds, or people to inhabit the earth anyway.


(vid) Turkey Hill Wind Turbines

News story ( October 2010 ) about american wind & solar projects. Yes they got federal stimulus funding, but so does the fossil fuel industry. We need to take that funding from fossil fuels and put it all into wind & solar power.


LIST: Large Publicly Traded Wind Turbine Companies Of The World

Large Publicly Traded Wind Turbine Companies Of The World

 
China’s Wind Power to Equal 13 Three Gorges Dams by 2020

 Outlook 2010

China’s wind power can reach 230 GW of installed capacity by 2020, which is equal to 13 times the current capacity of the Three Gorges Dam; its annual electricity output of 464.9 TWh could replace 200 coal fire power plants, according to China Wind Power Outlook 2010, a new report jointly released by Greenpeace, the Chinese Renewable Energy Industries Association (CREIA), and the Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC).
In 2009, China led the world in newly installed wind-energy devices, reaching a capacity of 13.8 GW (10,129 turbines) – a rate of one new turbine every hour. In terms of overall capacity, China ranks second, at 25.8 GW.
The report projects that by 2020, China’s total wind power capacity will reach at least 150GW, possibly up to 230GW, which, if realized, could cut 410 million tons of CO2 emission, or 150 million tons of coal consumption.
Compared to multinationals, many Chinese companies are young and lack a strong basis for research and development. Despite a renewable energy policy requiring grid companies to purchase all electricity from wind farms, access to wind power for the grid is frequently lagging behind an unstable, out-dated grid infrastructure. There is also the problem of a lack of incentives and penalties for grid companies, and slow progress in more wind energy technologies.

China's Wind Power Capacity Could Replace 2,600 Coal Fired Plants. If They Can Do That, Why Can't The U.S. Do It ?

Wind Power Kills ........ Massey, Duke, Nukes, BP & Piedmont can relax. They are not the only bad guys to blame the end of the Empire on! ... Or we can build a lot of EV farm equipment right now!!

Pete Whipple


Hey there,.... it's actually bats who are at the most risk to wind power because insects are attracted to the heat from the generator at the top of the post. A gear housing at the top of the post and a generator at ground level would solve... the problem.

There is also a cylindrical wind technology called the mag lev turbine which uses magnetic bearings (identical to hi-speed mag lift trains) with zero friction, allowing the turbine to be the size of an office building on less than 5 acres and producing the equivilent of 1,500 bladed turbines. think of a giant bird/bat safe coffee can combined with the rotating space needle restaraunt.

I hope you noticed my mention of pebble reactors from the page http://theenergycollective.com/ It follows up the past ten years of one of our ealier discussions. you might appreciate my twiitter account, @ cleanelectric. As a whole, it is a fairly comprehensive list (in the works) of scientists, spiritual leaders, energy corporations, media outlets, and politicians from both sides of ther aisle in regards to energy and society.

It is painfull to learn of any fatality or injury, especially in the workplace and at home. I am sorry to hear about the 4 farmers in the story you shared. I did not klnow about it. I was pre occupied with the news of the deaths of 50 or so coal miners in two separate accidents in coal mines owned by the same company (Massey Energy) since April of last year. There have been 437 coal mining fatalities between 1996 and 2009. (so the tally is about 487 souls lost in 15 years.)

I don't deny that electrical fires, and transformer explosions occur. My adult carreer has been aboard ships that generate enough electrical energy to power 10 city blocks. I have had the unfortunate experience of having to arrest one of those fires aboard a ship I once served.

Most of our countries electric utilities happen to be cooperatively owned. It is very unfortunate that "communism" is such a dirty word, because these co-op utilities have been operating in america since Edison invented the lightbulb. Your own power most likely comes from one of these publicly owned utilities, even if it is coal or nuclear sourced. These utilities are generally publicly owned and nearly all, if not all offer a renewable energy choice as part of your service. contact your local utiltity to find out more.

These utilities are what make up our "grid" or "transmission" system. They have little or no say where the source power comes from ie. coal, hydro, nuclear, wind etc. unless you, the customer demand it. It is not the source that makes the transmission lines dangerous. Transmission lines will always demand a healthy respect for safety. It is the source itself that could be dangerous in many other ways.

Ironically with the "real Tesla" not the EV automobile company, the world once had the chance of going DC rather than AC which would have required "micro" transmission stations in every neighborhood, butalso not likely to kill anybody (instead it would have the same effect as in a shock from your gasoline lawnmower or car battery.)

Wind and solar begins as a safer DC current. To be compatible with the existing grid system which was designed for electricity that was created by the burning of fossil fuels, and then "pushed" long distances through transmissioin lines, wind and solar needs to be "stepped up" to a deadly voltage or localized so that the "high voltage push" is not needed.

Since thousands of miles of transmission lines are already in place at enormous expense, and "off grid" private residential systems are difficult or impossible to tax, grid ready renewable sources make the most sense. Fortunately, or unfortunately, fatalities attributed to the grid cannot be blamed on the source, at least as long as the sources are mixed. Just to be a smartass, I can't resist adding that nuclear energy never has been and never will be the safer DC current.

Incidentally, I have no idea how many diesel powered truckloads are used in the life of a coal mine, but I do know that each natural gas fracking opoeration uses 1,150 trucks per well, and there are about 10,000 gas wells in the Dallas/Ft.Worth area alone. Dick Cheney leased millions of acres of "public land" to be fracked by natural gas companies in an area called, The Jonah Fields, adjacent to the Grand Canyon.

All this doesn't sound very cost or safety effective, or at all fair to the american public, especially if you take into consideration that there is no freakin' way it takes any where near that many truckloads to build and service a solar or wind farm.

One of my opponents claimed that wind power will never work because enough wind turbines to power the country would take up the whole state of Montana. I maintain that if you put all of the coal mines and all of the gas wells that presently power our country in one place, that you would never find Montana again.

I think it is absolutely shamefull and un-christian for anybody, especially politicians and employers to tell employees of coal mines and other fossil fuel industries that the feds, EPA, and the general public doesn't care about them and want to take their jobs and livelyhoods away. These workers don't deserve to be made the scapegoats in the climate change debate. Nobody is trying to take their jobs away.

In the past, people have given their lives for their values. Today, in spite of, or combined with, a serious global economic crisis, some would wish that miners and roughnecks would cvall a general strike and just walk away from their jobs and find something else to pay the bills, like the iceman who saw the refridgerator coming.

1. I think the U.S. needs to get tougher on environmental protection everywhere that U.S. companies operate.

2. That the U.S. spearhead widespread development of EV farm equipment as an insurance policy against the "peak oil" crisis and then vulnerability of our agriculture industry and our ability to keep food affordable to all americans.

3. Last, but not least, non-management fossil fuel employees and thier families should have genuine incentives and exclusive opportunities to re-employ in the green energy sector, much in the same way a vet gets extra points over a civilian with the same qualifications.
See More

about a minute ago ·

Mag Lev Wind Turbines: One utility scale vertical axis wind turbine can replace up to 1,000 standard wind turbines

A utility scale 1 Mega watt magnetic levitation vertcical axis wind turbine can be built on about 100 acres and replace up to 500 standard wind turbines. Each standard wind turbine can power 750,000 homes. Wind power combined with advanced flywheel energy storage and load leveling technology can provide electricity 24 hours per day. A 2 Gigawatt version can also be built on 100 acres and power 1.5 million homes. The advanced flywheel energy storage and load leveling technology also works well with photo voltaic solar.

There are 330 million households in the U.S. so it would only take 22,000 acres to supply all of americas current energy needs. To put that into perspective the state of Montana is 94,185,600 acres.

An important milestone in global wind energy is that the State of Texas is the worlds 4th largest producer of wind power (using standard bladed wind turbines behind Germany, Spain, and India. These countries and China all subsidize green renewable energy systems but the U.S. does not.





An easy way to remember the capacities of electricity:
one megawatt = the usage of 750 to 1,000 homes.



















 

Home Depot Starts Selling Personal Wind Turbines


Micon wind turbine, Dithmarschen.
Image via Wikipedia

Although I’m guessing that the only thing “personal” item flying off the shelves of Home Depot stores across the country right now are personal cooling units, the big box purveyor of paints, potted plants, and home improvement accoutrement is now also selling personal wind turbines at select stores in Idaho, Nevada, Texas, Utah, Wyoming, and California.
Similar to Lowe’s teaming up with Sungevity to offer shoppers affordable, in-store solar leasing options, the Home Depot has partnered with Flagstaff, Ariz.-based company Southwest Windpower in an effort to bring clean, renewable wind-based power to the masses.
As reported by Preston over at Jetson Green, the particular product being offered by Home Depot is the sleek (read: quiet), grid-connected Skystream 3.7, a unit described by Southwest Windpower as “the first compact, all-inclusive personal wind generator (with controls and inverter built in) designed to work in very low winds.” Included with the actual turbine is Skyview monitoring software that allows homeowners to track the Skystream 3.7’s performance from the comfort of their PC. Weighing 205 pounds, the unit comes with a five-year warranty and is capable of producing up to 400 kilowatt hours of clean electricity per month (based on prelim data).
The total price for the Skystream 3.7, including installation costs, varies by location but from what I gather the units alone are in the ballpark of $6,000. Homeowners, if qualified, will be able to knock off a few bucks of the sticker price as the turbine is eligible for local, state, and federal incentives including a 30 percent federal tax credit. And although the turbines will only be available for purchase at select stores in the aforementioned states, the company plans to expand the program to “windy locations across the United States.”
Says Southwest Windpower CEO Dixon Thayer is an official release:

The Skystream install program represents Southwest Windpower’s commitment to making renewable energy affordable and accessible to consumers everywhere. We are excited to help residential and commercial customers take advantage of their area’s exceptional wind resource by using Skystream 3.7 to produce clean, emissions-free energy.
Home Depot shoppers in windy areas of Idaho, Nevada, Texas, Utah, Wyoming, and California: Any interest? Anyone out there have experience with compact, grid-tied turbines including the Skystream 3.7? Has owning a compact wind turbine freed up time for you to toss a beach ball or play tug-a-war with your children?



COMMENTS:




cleanelectric 15 minutes ago
A true Green Energy Future is a world wide: Industrial, Economic, Political, and Social (R)Evolution. We should be deploying wind and solar power along every freeway interstate, in every parking lot, on everylamp-post and building that already exists. The safest way to ensure the National Security of our agruculture system is with Electric farming Equipment. Now those are some smart things we can invest in.
 


Wind Power Will Destroy The World - Rush Limbaugh



Exclusive:

"Windmills may blow earth off orbit and crash us into the sun."

 
Just when I thought Rush couldn't get any stupider.








DIRTY ENERGY WHORE LAMAR ALEXANDER SPEAKS AT A
HERITAGE FOUNDATION DISINFORMATION BANQUET.

http://www.heritage.org/initiatives/energy-and-environment



IS WIND POWER TO DANGEROUS FOR AMERICA?


WIND TURBINE NEWS 2012

We already know that utlity scale wind and solar power can achieve all of america's energy needs but suburban and urban green energy systems not only advance our total energy production, it also creates additional jobs in manufacturing, construction, and maintenance.

Both utility scale and suburban/urban green energy developement provides immediate jobs in the U.S. and world wide. It remains to be seen if green energy jobs absorb all of the jobs vacated by an archival and mothballing of fossil fuels, but it is likely that by harnessing abundant renewable energy that everyone would be able to work less and enjoy life more.

Investing in and developing green energy on a global scale is necessary and inevitable for survival, but the first step is changing the way we live. This can be best illustrated by the following poster. Please copy it and share it.




It seems that virtually every U.S. politician is an oil and fossil fuel man or woman except (on the surface anyway) Barack Obama. Unfortunately Obama signed the NDAA which allows the U.S. to ignore the Constitution and arrest and detain indefinately anyone without trial, made it a felony to protests "too close" to politicians, and supports the illegal Bush/Cheney/Rice "Patriot Act." so he has lost all credibility as a proponent of societal advancement.


You may be wondering why politics is my introduction to modern wind turbine technology. The answer is in the State of Texas and Ron Paul. Texas was born as cattle country that resisted last centuries industrial revolution of oil invading it's soil. Today cattle graze under wind turbines and these turbines are resisted by some residents who grew up with texas oil. None the less, Texas is the world's 4th largest wind power energy producer in the world behind Germany, India, and China.

The land owner royalty payments for wind farms (currently ranging from $3500 to $5000 per installed megawatt per year.) A typical Texas ranch could have as many as 50 turbines on the propertry. This sure beats the heck out of leasing your land for oil and gas wells and all the risk that goes along with them.

Each utility scale wind turbine averages 1.5 megawatts. This is enough to power 300 or more homes each, and there are tens of thousands in Texas, California, Wyoming, Washington and the world already.

Ron Paul who is from Texas, and who wants our troops off of foreign soil, and who is the only true Constitutionalist running for president, and the only candidate who doesn't say one thing and then do another, and who's actions actually back up his promises, must admit that a "green energy resolution" is a logical and necessary part of U.S. strength and societal advancement.

Here are a few links about the Texas Wind Industry:

Reuter News: Texas sets wind power records with new grid analysis










Utility Scale Magnetic Levitation (Mag Lev) Wind Turbines:







Suburban and Urban Vertical Axis (VAWT) Wind Turbines :
















Lamp Post Highway and Parking Lot VAWT's







6 AND 5 kw Urban Designed VAWT's




Mag Lev and VAWT's are considered bird and bat safe as compared to "bladed" wind turbines which birds fly into and the bats radar are attracted to (mistaking heat from the turbine as body heat from insects which are bat food.)

Birds and bats may or may not adapt to the presence of wind turbines, trooth be told, nothing can adapt to toxins in our environment except cockroaches. If we use the immediate safety of birds and bats as an excuse not to utilize wind energy, we may as well make window glass illegal too.

I live in a coastal community and there is always wind here. I have been through Wyoming where wind farms are constructed in 100MPH winds. Even if you do not believe in Climate Change or Global Warming the wind always blows, often to hurricane and tornado force. If you do believe in climate change and global warming then the model predicts higher wind speeds more often.

I suggest that we shelve the terms "climate change and global warming" and get back to the basics we have all known since grade school, which is that the burning of fossil fuels ie. fire of any sort creates a by product called pollution and with 7 Billion people on the planet, the less we burn the better.